1 Chronicles: Who Is Your First Father? (1:1-31, 17:11-14, 29:11)

December 6, 2015

Book: 1 Chronicles

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1 Chronicles: Who is Your First Father?

1:1-31, 17:11-14, 29:11 (Pastor Heo)

Historical Records From Adam to Abraham
To Noah’s Sons

1 Adam, Seth, Enosh, 2 Kenan, Mahalalel, Jared, 3 Enoch, Methuselah, Lamech, Noah. 4 The sons of Noah: Shem, Ham and Japheth.

The Japhethites
1:5-7pp — Ge 10:2-5

5 The sons of Japheth: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech and Tiras. 6 The sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, Riphath and Togarmah. 7 The sons of Javan: Elishah, Tarshish, the Kittim and the Rodanim.

The Hamites
1:8-16pp — Ge 10:6-20

8 The sons of Ham: Cush, Mizraim, Put and Canaan. 9 The sons of Cush: Seba, Havilah, Sabta, Raamah and Sabteca. The sons of Raamah: Sheba and Dedan. 10 Cush was the father of Nimrod, who grew to be a mighty warrior on earth. 11 Mizraim was the father of the Ludites, Anamites, Lehabites, Naphtuhites, 12 Pathrusites, Casluhites (from whom the Philistines came) and Caphtorites. 13 Canaan was the father of Sidon his firstborn, and of the Hittites, 14 Jebusites, Amorites, Girgashites, 15 Hivites, Arkites, Sinites, 16 Arvadites, Zemarites and Hamathites.

The Semites
1:17-23pp — Ge 10:21-31; 11:10-27

17 The sons of Shem: Elam, Asshur, Arphaxad, Lud and Aram. The sons of Aram: Uz, Hul, Gether and Meshech. 18 Arphaxad was the father of Shelah, and Shelah the father of Eber. 19 Two sons were born to Eber: One was named Peleg, because in his time the earth was divided; his brother was named Joktan. 20 Joktan was the father of Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah, 21 Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah, 22 Obal, Abimael, Sheba, 23 Ophir, Havilah and Jobab. All these were sons of Joktan. 24 Shem, Arphaxad, Shelah, 25 Eber, Peleg, Reu, 26 Serug, Nahor, Terah 27 and Abram (that is, Abraham).

The Family of Abraham

28 The sons of Abraham: Isaac and Ishmael.

Descendants of Hagar
1:29-31pp — Ge 25:12-16

29 These were their descendants: Nebaioth the firstborn of Ishmael, Kedar, Adbeel, Mibsam, 30 Mishma, Dumah, Massa, Hadad, Tema, 31 Jetur, Naphish and Kedemah. These were the sons of Ishmael.

11 When your days are over and you go to be with your fathers, I will raise up your offspring to succeed you, one of your own sons, and I will establish his kingdom. 12 He is the one who will build a house for me, and I will establish his throne forever. 13 I will be his father, and he will be my son. I will never take my love away from him, as I took it away from your predecessor. 14 I will set him over my house and my kingdom forever; his throne will be established forever.’ “

11 Yours, O LORD, is the greatness and the power and the glory and the majesty and the splendor, for everything in heaven and earth is yours. Yours, O LORD, is the kingdom; you are exalted as head over all.


Today = 1 Chronicles

Up to last Sunday, we finished the monarchy history of Israel. Let’s briefly summarize the last 4 Sundays.

1/2 Samuel + 1/2 Kings, we saw roughly the whole monarchy of Israel from the first king Saul.

  1. Because of his disobedience, the kingdom was turned over to David.
  2. Then, Solomon inherited it, but because of his sin, it declined.
  3. His son Rehoboam oppressed the people to such an extent that the kingdom divided.
  4. The Northern kingdom rebelled against David’s family, and the Southern remained loyal to David. (930 BC)
  • Northern lasted 219 years until 722 BC when Assyria captured them.
  • Southern lasted 322 years until captured by Babylon in 586 BC.
  • In all, Israel’s kingdom lasted 466 years, less than 500 years.

Chronicles now is a repetition of the same history from a different perspective. In Latin “chronicorum ribel” = “chronological record” of sacred history. “Chronicles” means literally “annuls, diary, historic events, etc.”

Like 1/2 Samuel was originally one book, and 1/2 Kings was originally one book, so 1/2 Chronicles was originally one book.

This one book was divided into two books by the Septusion (Greek) old Bible.

In our Bible, there are 39 books in the OT following the Greek version (Genesis to Malachi). In Hebrew Bible, 36 books because Samuel, Kings, and Chronicles are ONE book each.

The order of the books also differs between English and Hebrew Bibles. Malachi is LAST in English; Chronicles is LAST in Hebrew Bible (this should be the LAST book in the Hebrews Bible).

Chronicles is largely a retelling of events recorded in Samuel and Kings – the history of the monarchy from its rise to fall. It covers the same period of Israel’s history described in Samuel and Kings. WHY? Why repetition?

  1. It’s so important – it reminds us of something important. Those of us who are teachers know that repetition, practice, and continuation is incredibly important for learning.
    1. Also, many verses from the OT are repeated in the NT.
    2. Also, the 4 gospels repeat each other in many stories (from different perspectives).
  2. This is a repetition of the same stories from a different viewpoint.

Differences:

  1. Sam + Kings = BOTH kingdoms; Chron = ONLY David + his line.
  2. Sam + Kings = wars prominence; Chron = temple prominence;
  3. Samuel + Kings = political history; Chronicles = religious history;
  4. 1. Samuel + Kings are written from a prophetic perspective; Chronicles is priestly.
    1. In 1 Samuel – there is Samuel, Saul, David;
    2. 2 Samuel – only David;
    3. 1 Kings – Solomon + division;
    4. 2 Kings – divided kingdom until destruction
    5. In Chronicles – ONLY David and his family are mentioned – there is NO mention of the Northern kingdom.
  5. Samuel + Kings = a continuation story of Israel; Chron = a continuation of David’s family
  6. Samuel + Kings = focused on man’s failure and mistakes; Chron = focused on God’s faithfulness, mercy, compassion
  7. Kings = history of Israel from within exile; Chron = POST-exile history.

Therefore, Chronicles is written to the returning exiles POST exile after their 70 years in Babylon. Therefore, this shows the unbroken connection to the original Israel’s history.

1 Chronicles, chapters = 29 – divided into 2 parts (chp 1-9 + chp 10-29)

Part one: Full of NAMES, names, names, genealogy (can you finish reading up to chp 9? you need some time…)

Genealogy part. Each family has his own genealogy.

  • Do you know your father’s name? Of course.
  • Grandfather? Yes.
  • Great grandfather? Maybe.
  • Great, great grandfather? Well…
  • Great, great, great grandfather? Probably not.

Who is your FIRST Father? What is his name? Adam.

  • Chp 1 = Adam → Abram → Jacob
  • 2 = Jacob → David
  • 3 = David → captivity
  • 4-8 = genealogy of 12 tribes (sons of Jacob)
  • 9 = genealogy of Remnant (those who returned to Israel) + genealogy of Saul added to the last part (because he was the first king)
  • Genesis 5 = Genealogy Adam → Noah
  • Genesis 10 = Genealogy Noah → ALL nations (from his three sons)
  • Matthew 1 = genealogy of Jesus from Adam → Abram → David → Jesus
  • Luke 3:23-38 = genealogy of Jesus from down → up – “the son of Enosh, the son of Seth, the son of Adam, the son of God.”

Why is genealogy so important?

  1. In a kingdom, what is important is dynasty. To prove the legality of his dynasty, genealogy is essential. That’s why Chronicles begins with a genealogy (David’s line) and the NT begins with a heavenly king’s genealogy (Jesus through David). This is essential.
  2. To show all the records of the Bible are true, real, actual stories. This is not a story, fiction, novel. All stories from Genesis to Revelation are ACTUAL events – happened in the past, happening now, or will happen soon in the future.
  3. Chron = written for the Jews returning from exile to their old land – it was essential to teach them their roots, their history to encourage them. (It’s hard to know where you’re going if you are unclear about your identity.)

Chp 10-29 – this is the story of the kings

Remember Samuel, Saul’s story takes 23 chapters. But only ONE chapter in Chronicles (chp 10) about his (shameful) death. Chp 10:13-14 = final evaluation on Saul “he died because of his unfaithfulness to God. He did not keep the Word of God, he consulted a fortune teller, therefore, God killed Saul and turned his kingdom over to David.”

Fortune tellers are DETESTABLE before God. Do not go to them, go to GOD.

Chronicles = David’s story is seen in an entirely DIFFERENT perspective (omissions + additions). In Samuel + Kings, there are many sad, shameful stories about David. Chronicles omits these stories (completely omits Saul and Bathsheba and his sorrowful family relations with his sons).

In Chronicles, David’s story starts with his coronation as king over Israel. The first thing he did was capture Jerusalem from the Jebusites and make it his capital city – from that time on it became the religious/political center for Israel. This was a good choice because it was on a hilltop and easy to defend. It was centrally located between northern and southern tribes. This was his first task – to unite the 12 tribes of Israel under his leadership.

Chron emphasizes his spiritual integrity and commitment to God – including his returning the Ark of the Covenant to the city and his STRONG desire to build the temple of God.

Chp 21, there is only ONE mistake of David (sin). This looks not serious to us, but is VERY serious to God. The sin was counting (numbering) the fighting men. Satan incited him to take a census of the nation and he did, but this was evil in the eyes of God. He immediately confessed and repented. God gave him 3 options as penalty (which would you choose?):

  1. Three years famine
  2. Three months of fleeing from enemies
  3. Three days of plague (the sword of the Lord)

David chose the third option – so God sent the plague and 70,000 men were killed. David fell prostrate on the ground and cried out, “I sinned! I deserve to be killed – please do not let the plague remain on these people.” Since then, David became MORE sincere and diligent before God.

The rest of the book (22-29) = David’s concern for God and his preparation for the temple and worship for it.

David had a VERY strong desire to build the temple for God but could not because he had bloody hands. He had fought too much and shed too much blood. So, David called his son Solomon and appointed him to do so (Solomon is a man of peace and rest.)

  1. David gave Solomon a very detailed blueprint for the building of the temple.
  2. He prepared all the workers, all the materials (gold, silver, wood, stone), all the soldiers, the whole choir and musicians, and all stewards, and the site for construction.
  3. Then, he ordered strongly all the leaders of the nation to help Solomon build the temple.

Yes, Solomon is famous for building the temple, but what he ACTUALLY did was assemble the Lego blocks his daddy David prepared for him (it still took 7 years, though).

Closing Chronicles = David’s final prayer before God and his death.

David’s Prayer

29:10 David praised the LORD in the presence of the whole assembly, saying, “Praise be to you, O LORD, God of our father Israel, from everlasting to everlasting. 11 Yours, O LORD, is the greatness and the power and the glory and the majesty and the splendor, for everything in heaven and earth is yours. Yours, O LORD, is the kingdom; you are exalted as head over all. 12 Wealth and honor come from you; you are the ruler of all things. In your hands are strength and power to exalt and give strength to all. 13 Now, our God, we give you thanks, and praise your glorious name. 14 “But who am I, and who are my people, that we should be able to give as generously as this? Everything comes from you, and we have given you only what comes from your hand. 15 We are aliens and strangers in your sight, as were all our forefathers. Our days on earth are like a shadow, without hope. 16 O LORD our God, as for all this abundance that we have provided for building you a temple for your Holy Name, it comes from your hand, and all of it belongs to you. 17 I know, my God, that you test the heart and are pleased with integrity. All these things have I given willingly and with honest intent. And now I have seen with joy how willingly your people who are here have given to you. 18 O LORD, God of our fathers Abraham, Isaac and Israel, keep this desire in the hearts of your people forever, and keep their hearts loyal to you. 19 And give my son Solomon the wholehearted devotion to keep your commands, requirements and decrees and to do everything to build the palatial structure for which I have provided.” 20 Then David said to the whole assembly, “Praise the LORD your God.” So they all praised the LORD, the God of their fathers; they bowed low and fell prostrate before the LORD and the king.

Amen, this is not only David’s prayer, but also our own.

Lessons (due to constraints of time, only a few):

#1 Davidic Covenant is about Jesus

In 2 Samuel = Davidic Covenant – the SAME sentence 2 Sam 12:13-16 + 1 Chronicles 17:11-14

  • What are the contents of the Abrahamic Covenant? All people on earth will be blessed through you.
  • Davidic Covenant? Your kingdom will be established forever and ever. (many times repeated)

The promise of the eternity of David’s throne can ONLY point to the coming of the Messiah (the physical kingdom only lasted 466 years).

#2 In genealogies, Judah (4th brother) is listed first

In the genealogy of 12 tribes, Ruben, Simeon, Levi, Judah (this tribe is placed FIRST because the monarchy, kingdom, temple, Messiah, will come from here). Genesis “The scepter shall not depart from Judah” Jesus came from Judah as King of Kings, Lord of Lords.

#3 The genealogies in 1-9 are a preamble to genealogies in Matthew 1

3. In Hebrew Bible, this is the last book of the Bible. Because of this, the genealogies from 1-9 is a preamble, introduction to the genealogies in Matthew 1. You said, “Adam is your first father, yes, mine is too.”

Human genealogy begins with Adam;
Spiritual/heavenly genealogy begins with Jesus.

Acts 17:26 “From one man (Adam), God made every nation. God determines the time set for them and the places where they should live.”

Romans 12:5 “Just as sin entered the world through one man, Adam, death came to all men because all sinned in that one man Adam.”

1 Cor 15:22 “Just as in Adam, all die, in Jesus Christ, all will be made alive.”

We have no choice in our birthday, in our home place, in our immediate parents, nationality, skin color. So, we have NO CHOICE but to belong to Adam by our first, physical birth. How can we disconnect from the line of Adam? We cannot escape sin, death, hell in the line of Adam. So, how can we cut the line of Adam? There is only one way to disconnect from this line – to be BORN AGAIN through faith in Christ.

Jesus “Flesh gives birth to flesh, but the Spirit gives birth to spirit. Do not be surprised by my saying, ‘You must be born again.’” (John 3?)

There is only one way:

John 1:12 “Yet to all who received him, to those who believed in his name, he gave the right to become children of God. Children not born of natural descent or a husband’s will, but born of God.”

So THAT’S WHY genealogies are SO important.

Let’s pray.

<20151206 전주안디옥교회 AICF 허재범 목사님>

역대상: 누가 우리의 처음 아버지 인가?

(Who is our first father?)

1장 아담 ->아브라함, 이스마엘, 에서의 자손, 에돔을 다스린 왕들, 17장:11-14 14. 내가 영원히 그를 내 집과 내 나라에 세우리니 그의 왕위가 견고하리라 혀써다 하라(다윗과 언약-나단 선지자가 전함)

29: 11 여호와여 위대하심과 권능과 영광과 승리와 위엄이 다 주께 속하였사오니 천지에 있는 것이 다 주의 것이로소이다. 여호와여 주권도 주께 속하였사오니 주는 높으사 만물의 머리이심이니이다. (다윗)

1장은 다 이름이 나옵니다. 이름은 매우 중요합니다. 목사님도 일종의 이름입니다. 지난주까지 이스라엘의 역사를 끝내고 대략적으로 정리하면 (사무엘 상하, 열왕기 상하) 사무엘 선지자가 사울왕을 간택하나 하나님께 충성되지 않아서 다윗이 왕이 이를 이어 솔로몬이 왕이 되나 노년에 우상숭배로 인하여 하나님이 노하셨고 그의 아들 르호보암 때에 고집과 아집으로 북왕국과 남왕국으로 나뉩니다.
북왕국은 B.C. 721 or (2)년 앗시리아에게 점령되고 209년간 지속됩니다. 남왕국은 B.C. 586년에 바벨론 에의해 점령 될 때까지 344년간 이어집니다.

역대상은 거의 같은 이야기이지만 다른 관점에서 쓰여진 이야기 입니다. 역대상은 라틴어로 Choronicorum ribel 입니다. 의미는 연간의 사건의(annul, events) 기록(record)입니다.

계속 말한 것같이 히브루 성경에서는

사무엘상하, 열왕기상하가 한권였던 것 처럼 역대상하도 한권씩의 책이었습니다.

구약이 총 몇 권인가요? 총 39권입니다. 그럼 히부르 성경은 36권입니다. 그리고 다른 차이점은 구약의 마지막 책이 지금은 말라기 이지만 히부루 성경은 역대기 입니다.

역대상하에서 같은 기간에 이스라엘에서 일어난 일들은 반복하는 이유는 무엇일까요?

  1. 첫째, 중요하기 때문입니다. 중요한 사실들은 반복됩니다. 구약의 내용들이 신약에서도 나오고, 4복음서에는 복음이 계속 반복됩니다.
  2. 둘째, 중요하기도 하지만 다른 관점에서 쓰였기 때문입니다.
  • 사무엘 상하 열왕기 상하 : 정치적 역사, 전쟁 중심
  • 역대상하 : 제사장의 역사, 성전 중심으로 하나님의 자비와 열정 그리고 성실하심의 관점입니다. 그래서 70년 포로생활 이후에 원래의 역사를 잊는 데 초점을 둡니다.

1장-9장 : 이름들로 가득합니다. 족보

혹시 아버지의 이름 아는 사람 손들어 주십시오. 그럼 할아버지 이름 아는 사람, 그럼 할아버지의 할아버지…. 첫번째 할아버지 이름 아시는 분? – 예 말씀해 보세요 -아담이요(대답)

우리는 아담의 후손으로 영적뿐 아니라 육적으로도 사촌간입니다.

  1. 1장 :아담 -아브라함-야곱, 2장 : 야곱-다윗
  2. 3장 : 다윗-포로되는 시기 , 4장-8장 : 12지파 족보
  3. 9장 : 이스라엘에 돌아온 자들

누가복음 3:23 -38 는 예수님 부터 시작해서 거꾸로 족보를 세어갑니다. 그리고 38절 그위는 에노스요 그위는 셋이요 그위는 아담이요 그위는 하나님이시니라.

하나님의 왕권을 설명한 것입니다. 왕조가 중요합니다. 왕권에서는 족보가 중요합니다. 특히 다윗왕의 족보가 중요합니다.

신약은 예수님의 족보로 시작됩니다. 모든 성경의 내용은 실제의 이야기 이고 거룩합니다.과거에 일어났던 일도 미래에 일어날 일도 사람이 만든이야기가 아닙니다.

역대상하는 그들의 땅에 다시 돌아온 포로들이 쓴것으로 그들의 자손에게 가르치고 격려하기위해 쓴 것입니다.

10장-29장 : 왕들의 이야기 입니다.

단 열왕기상하와 달리 10장 단 한장에서만 사울의 이야기가 쓰입니다. 마지막 평가가 나옵니다. 13절 사울이 죽은 것은 여호와께 범죄하였기 때문이라 그가 여호와의 말씀을 지키지 아니하고 또 신접한 자에게 가르치기를 청하고 14 여호와께 묻지 아니하였으므로 여호와께서 그를 죽이시고 그 나라를 이새의 아들 다윗에게 넘겨 주셨더라.

불충성했고, 신접한자에게 물었다 여러분 점성술가한테 가지 마십시오 하나님께 물으십시오.

역대상에서는 다윗의 이야기를 전혀 다른 관점에서 쓰고 있습니다. 다윗의 치욕스러운 이야기를 많이 뺐습니다. 사울왕에게 쫓기며 힘들 때의 사실과 밧세바를 범하고 죄를 저지른 이야기가 빠져있습니다.

다윗는 예루살렘을 정치적, 종교적 도시가 되게합니다. 예루살렘은 실제로 언덕위에 위치해서 적군을 방어하기가 좋고 남북의 지리적 중앙에 위치합니다.

다윗이 언약괘를 가져온 것은 영적 통합과 하나님에 대한 충정을 나타냅니다. 그리고 그는 성전건축에 대한 엄청난 열망이 있었음이 나옵니다.

21장 다윗은 인구조사를 합니다. 사람들에게는 아무것도 아닌 것이 하나님께 매우 중요한 죄가 될 수 있습니다. 사단이 유혹하여 다윗은 인구조사를 하지만 즉시 회개를 합니다.

이에 대한 하나님의 벌하심은 다음 세가지 중 한가지를 고르라고 합니다.

  1. 3년간의 기근
  2. 3달동안 쫓겨 도망다님
  3. 3일동안의 염병

다윗은 세번째를 선택하고 약70,000명의 사람들이 죽습니다. 다윗은 베옷을 입고 울면서 제가 잘못했는데 왜 하나님의 백성들을 죽이십니까라고 괴로와서 말합니다. 그 뒤에 그는 하나님 앞에 더욱 신실하고 충성됩니다.

다윗의 하나님 성전 건축에 대한 열망은 아주 강했습니다. 그러나 하나님이 너의 손에 너무 피가 많이 묻었다 너의 아들에게 성전을 짓도록 하라고 합니다. 다윗은 모든 재료를 준비합니다. 금, 은 , 동, 목수, 레위인 제사장, 음악가, 성가대. 그리고 모든 리더들에게도 아들을 도와 성전을 건축하도록 당부합니다. 다윗이 성전건축을 준비한 기간은 7년입니다.

29장 10-20절은 다윗의 기도 뿐아이라 우리의 개인적 기도 이기도 합니다. 몇가지 포인트는 다윗과 언약 :너의 왕국은 영원히 계속 될 것이다. 아브라함과 언약 : 모든 나라가 너를 통하여 축복을 받을 것이다.

라고 했는데 12지파 중에 네번째 지파인 유다지파를 제일 먼저 나오게 하고 “규”(Septer)가 유다지파를 떠나지 않을 것이라고 나옵니다. 규는 왕권을 상징합니다.

마태복음은 아담의 계보부터 나옵니다. 하나님의 천국 계보는 예수님 부터입니다.

  • 행 17:26 인류의 모든 족성르 한 혈통으로 만드사 온 땅에 살게 하시고 그들의 연대를 정하시며 거주의 경계를 정하였으니
  • 롬5:12 한사람(아담)으로 말미암아 죄가 세상에들어오고 죄로말미암아 죽음이 모든사람에게 왔으니 이는 모든사람이 (한사람-아담)안에서 죄인이라
  • 고전 15:22 아담 안에서 모든 사람이 죽은 것 같이 그리스도 안에서 모든 사람이 삶을 얻으리라.

우리는 선택권이 없습니다. 우리 생일,(처음)가족, 나라, 피부색 등. 우리가 아담에서부터 태어난것도 당연 피할 수 없습니다. 그럼 어떻게 아담으로부터 끊을 수 있을까요? 그래서 풍성한 삶, 천국 삶을 누릴 수 있을 까요… 한가지 방법만 있습니다. 우리가 죄인임을 고백하고 다시 태어나는 것입니다. (born again) 요 1:12 영접하는 자 곧 그 이름을 믿는 자들에게는 하나님의 자녀가 되는 권세를 주셨으니.

영적으로도 우리는 다 형제 자매입니다. 우리 모두가 육적으로도 같은 아버지 밑에서 태어났지만- 우리는 다시 태어나지 않으면 피할 수 없습니다.